“世界学术经典（英文版）”系列·利维坦（导读注释版）

霍布斯（Thomas Hobbes，1588—1679）是英国著名政治家、哲学家，是现代政治学开创者之一，他提出了“自然状态”和国家起源说，创立了机械唯物主义完整体系，他反对君权神授，主张以理性主义为基础的君主专制政治哲学，同时也倡导以个人权利、自然平等、政治秩序为人文特征的西方自由主义思潮的基本理念。其主要著述还有：《论公民》《论物质》《论政体》《论人》等。

注释者简介：韩晓龙，湖北大学外国语学院讲师。研究方向为翻译、伦理学等。

《利维坦》是霍布斯的代表作品，是其政治哲学的集大成者。该书提出并完善了近代机械唯物主义理论体系，以唯物观剖析了人性的本质；提出了自然状态和自然法的思想，并推导出社会契约论；论述了国家起源和功能，构想了强大君主专政体制国家的体系；否定了神的存在，揭示了宗教实质，抨击了凌驾于国家至上的教会权力；展现了与众不同的新的至善观，认为人性和至善无关，信守契约即为正义，破坏契约即为不善。

导 读

TO MY MOST HONOR’D FRIEND Mr FRANCIS

GODOLPHIN of Godolphin

THE INTRODUCTION

The first Part 

OF MAN

CHAP. 1 Of SENSE

CHAP. 2 Of IMAGINATION

CHAP. 3 Of the Consequence or TRAYNE of Imaginations

CHAP. 4 Of SPEECH

CHAP. 5 Of REASON, and SCIENCE

CHAP. 6 Of the Interiour Beginnings of Voluntary Motions; commonly called the PASSIONS. And the Speeches by which they are expressed

CHAP. 7 Of the Ends, or Resolutions of DISCOURSE

CHAP. 8 Of the VERTUES commonly called INTELLECTUALL; and their contrary DEFECTS

CHAP. 9 Of the Severall SUBJECTS of KNOWLEDGE

CHAP. 10 Of POWER, WORTH, DIGNITY, HONOUR, and WORTHINESSE

CHAP. 11 Of the difference of MANNERS

CHAP. 12 OF RELIGION

CHAP. 13 Of the NATURALL CONDITION of Mankind, as concerning their Felicity, and Misery

CHAP. 14 Of the first and second NATURALL LAWES, and of CONTRACTS

CHAP. 15 Of other Lawes of Nature

CHAP. 16 Of PERSONS, AUTHORS, and things Personated

The second Part

OF COMMON-WEALTH

CHAP. 17 Of the Causes, Generation, and Definition of a COMMON-WEALTH

CHAP. 18 Of the RIGHTS of Soveraignes by Institution

CHAP. 19 Of the severall Kinds cf Common-wealth by Institution, and of Succession to the Soveraigne Power

CHAP. 20 Of Dominion PATERNALL, and DESPOTICALL

CHAP. 21 Of the LIBERTY of Subjects

CHAP. 22 Of SYSTEMES Subject, Politicall, and Private

CHAP. 23 Of the PUBLIQUE MINISTERS of Soveraign Power

CHAP. 24 Of the NUTRITION, and PROCREATION of a Common-wealth

CHAP. 25 Of COUNSELL

CHAP. 26 Of CIVILL LAWES

CHAP. 27 Of CRIMES, EXCUSES, and EXTENUATIONS

CHAP. 28 Of PUNISHMENTS, and REWARDS

CHAP. 29 Of those things that Weaken, or tend to the DISSOLUTION of a Common-wealth

CHAP. 30 Of the OFFICE of the Soveraign Representative

CHAP. 31 Of the KINGDOME OF GOD BY NATURE

The third Part

OF A CHRISTIAN COMMON-WEALTH

CHAP. 32 Of the Principles of CHRISTIAN POLITIQUES

CHAP. 33 Of the Number, Antiquity, Scope, Authority, and Interpreters of the Books of Holy SCRIPTURE

CHAP. 34 Of the Signification of SPIRIT, ANGEL, and INSPIRATION in the Books of Holy Scripture

CHAP. 35 Of the Signification in Scripture of KINGDOME OF GOD, of HOLY, SACRED, and SACRAMENT

CHAP. 36 Of the WORD OF GOD, and of PROPHETS

CHAP. 37 Of MIRACLES, and their Use

CHAP. 38 Of the Signification in Scripture of ETERNALL LIFE, HELL, SALVATION, THE WORLD TO COME, and REDEMPTION

CHAP. 39 Of the signification in Scripture of the word CHURCH

CHAP. 40 Of the RIGHTS of the Kingdome of God, in Abraham, Moses, the High Priests, and the Kings of Judah

CHAP. 41 Of the OFFICE of our BLESSED SAVIOUR

CHAP. 42 Of POWER ECCLESIASTICALL

CHAP. 43 Of what is NECESSARY for a Mans Reception into the Kingdome of Heaven

The fourth Part

OF THE KINGDOME OF DARKNESSE

CHAP. 44 Of Spirituall Darknesse from MISINTERPRETATION of Scripture

CHAP. 45 Of DÆMONOLOGY, and other Reliques of the Religion of the Gentiles

CHAP. 46 Of DARKNESSE from VAIN PHILOSOPHY, and FABULOUS TRADITIONS

CHAP. 47 Of the BENEFIT that proceedeth from such Darknesse, and to whom it accreweth

A REVIEW, and CONCLUSION

术语汇编与简释